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Chao, C.-C

Chronic neuroinflammation also interacts with other pathological processes in PD, including -synuclein aggregation, mitochondrial dysfunction, and dysregulated iron metabolism, thereby amplifying disease progression [59]

This syndrome occurs in neonates, children and adults

11A, C, E and Additional file 11: Fig

Neural Metab

In summary, the polarized distribution of these transport systems between the luminal and abluminal membranes, and the fact that more than one transporter may carry the same substrate, ensures supply and excretion of AAs in and out of the brain, thereby controlling its homeostasis and proper function